Atomica
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25. Manganese27. Cobalt
26Fe55.845

Iron

Transition metals

Hard, shiny metals that conduct heat and electricity well and often form coloured compounds.

[Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²

Atomic number
26
Atomic mass
55.845
Protons
26
Neutrons
30 (most common)
Electrons
26
Shells
2, 8, 14, 2
State at 25 °C
Solid
Position
Group 8, period 4
Proton (+)Neutron (0)Electron (−)
Discovered byKnown since ancient times

People have made iron tools for over 3,000 years. Ancient Indian metalworkers were famous for high-quality wootz steel.

Did you know?

  • The Iron Pillar of Delhi has resisted rusting for about 1,600 years.
  • Iron is what makes blood red.

Where it's found

  • Earth's core, mixed with nickel
  • Ores like haematite
  • Haemoglobin in your blood

What it's used for

  • Steel for buildings, bridges and cars
  • Magnets
  • Cast-iron pans

Try it

Iron in your breakfastSafe at home
  1. 1Crush iron-fortified cereal in a zip bag with some water.
  2. 2Stir the mush with a strong magnet for a few minutes.
  3. 3Look closely at the magnet.

What you'll see: Tiny dark specks of iron cling to the magnet.